What kind of questions can be categorized as a good science question?

How to be a good scientist, it is a question always asked in my mind, I think most of the PHD students or postdocs are also have this in mind.
In my opinion, the first important thing to be a good scientist is always ask good questions. What kind of questions can be considered as good questions? In my eye, it must follow two standards: the question ask the nature of the word or the question can help people solve the reality problems.
The latter one is very easy to understand, or we have bunch of examples: Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov at the University of Manchester, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 for “groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material grapheme”[1]. They become great scientists since they developed a very good material for manufacturing applications which has plenty advantages—not only is it lighter, stronger, harder and more flexible than steel, it is also a recyclable and sustainably manufacturable product that is eco-friendly and cost effective in its use. Frederick Sanger (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Sanger), just pass away few days ago, won two Nobel Prize “for his contribution on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin” and “for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids”
However, it is very hard to define for the level of “the nature of the word”. For example, “how the universe originates” or “how the life appeared on earth”, this kind of questions is very important but very hard to answer since lack of good evidence. So, to determinate the question is good or not, depends on two aspects: the question asks the essence of nature, and it is provable based on the current data and technology. The former part generally is stable once the question was emerged while the second part was variable a lot. For example, the question “how many genes in human” is a question that wants to reveal the nature of the mystery of the creator, should be categorized into a good question fifteen years ago, otherwise, NIH will not willing to invest billions dollars inside (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Genome_Project#cite_note-human-12); however, if people ask the exactly the same question as previous now, it may not so important even if we had not been get it, since the next generation sequencing technology allow the scientist can answer the question in a relative short time with mush less cost. The weird things will happen if you directly judge this “how many genes in human” question as not a good question that should there be a high probability of disagree from the scientists. Why? We already get the whole genome sequences of the human, why this question still are good question? In my opinion, the reason is something changed inside the question. The change is presented on the word “gene”. Decades ago, George Beadle and Edward Tatum won their Nobel Prize by the certification of “genes determine the structure of enzymes or proteins” in 1958, which simplified as the one-gene, one-enzyme hypothesis (http://centennial.rucares.org/index.php?page=One-gene_One-enzyme). Although the definition of “gene” fifteen years ago, is much more complexity than in 1958, the content gradually changed a lot, such as one gene locus with several alternative splicing isoforms, chimerical genes, fusion genes, lncRNA genes, gene methylations, all of these make the changes of the definition of “gene”. Seriously, I’m pretty sure, none scientist can guarantee that the definition of “gene” will never change in the future, and nobody can guarantee that the answer of “how many genes in human” is 100% correct.
Thus, I want to say, a good science question, should reveal the essence of the nature, should provable by the current technology, and should contribute some new ideas to complementary the old theory.
1. The 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics – Press Release [http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2010/press.html]

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